by Kris Camelio, Certified Personal Trainer
Happy New Year! What's so new about it? What has changed?
Likely you're the same person with the same name, and the same habits. So let's
stop giving the word "resolution" such a bad name and create some
changes we can actually stick with.
I'm sure you've heard from several sources - large guys at
the gym, salespeople at your nearest nutrition supplement store, or even your
friendly neighborhood trainer, that a primary concern in a healthy diet and
exercise program is protein. Why would we all agree that this specific set of
macronutrients is so beneficial to incorporate into your diet?
In addition to water, proteins are largely what your body is
made of. Without adequate proteins, our body simply won't work right. Proteins
are necessary for cellular and tissue repair (including skeletal muscle!);
proteins also circulate the blood and are crucial in creating and transporting
the cells that help us fight infection and disease.
But Kris, how do I know how much protein I should be taking
in? If I take too little, will I collapse into a pile of dust with eyeballs
like I just got blasted in the face by Marvin the Martian? If I take too much,
will my brain turn into muscle and I get made fun of in the next Planet Fitness
commercial?
I'm glad you asked! The minimum protein intake is 0.8 grams
per Kilogram that you weigh. To get your weight in kilograms, simply divide
your weight in pounds by 2.2. So, if you weigh 160lb, you weigh about 73Kg, and
need at least 58 grams of protein per day just to make sure your muscles don't
deteriorate! Also, our protein requirements climb higher with exercise and
resistance training. Athletes on a heavy training schedule will do well with
consuming 1.4 grams per Kg they weigh, and can require up to 1.7 g/kg of
protein per day. The only concerns with too much protein are specifically in
populations with impaired renal function, low calcium or low fluid intake, and
that's only when protein consumption gets to over 4.0 g/Kg (Essentials). That
would mean our 160lb example has bum kidneys and is consuming 291 grams of
protein per day. So watch out for that.
Now that we have adequate protein intake throughout the day,
just like in hitting a curveball and writing your wife an anniversary card,
timing is everything. Men can consume up
to 60g in one sitting after exercise.
Beyond this, you'll probably have some pretty significant GI distress.
But, we can only absorb so much
at a given time (Kollias). Likewise, at resting metabolism, once we get over 30
grams in one meal, it's not going to kill us, but if you're taking it in
supplement and solely liquid form, you'll be wasting your money and excreting
the excess protein through nitrogenous waste (peepee). You'll do well by the
rule of 2s and 4s: If you get in the realm of 20 to 40 grams of protein in
every 2 to 4 hours, you'll be fine. This will vary depending in your exercise
demand and your caloric requirements. It is interesting to note that if you're
trying to lose weight, you will need a caloric deficit (meaning you're burning
more calories than you're taking in), and more of your calories that you do consume
will need to be from protein to ensure that you're losing fat, not muscle.
But Kris, the dude at GNC wants me to take this partially
hydrolyzed whey with polypeptide-bonded nonessential amino acids and raise my
guanine levels and up my lean mass with this really expensive yet beautifully
decorated tub that costs me 5 dollars per scoop! It even has a graph on the
side of the tub! Should I buy?
Protein sources and supplements vary greatly in quality and
digestion. Complete protein absorption can come from milk and eggs, and lean
meats will be great for you as well. Plant proteins are incomplete by nature,
meaning they require other key amino acids to form the complete proteins that
you can use for normal protein function. Think of amino acids as protein
fractions. For example, eating the amino acids in peanut butter with, say, the
amino acids in some Ezekiel bread, will make the protein complete and therefore
functional for your body. Beans and Rice also have complimentary amino acid profiles.
Soy protein supplements can be completed artificially, but sometimes the soy
plant that the protein is derived from can be riddled with toxins from the
pesticides used in the cultivation process, as soy is one of the most sprayed
crops (Poliquin). Soy has also been linked to estrogen production through
molecules called isoflavones, and there is still much debate as to the amount
of soy that will cause estrogen increase. So, ABC - Always Be Careful as to
where you're getting your soy, and, for that matter, the rest of your foods
from.
Speaking of Whey protein! Whey Concentrate is derived from
milk; it is digested slower and will typically contain more fat and lactose
than your Whey Protein Isolate. Whey Protein Isolate is very bioavailable,
you'll digest it much easier, but sometimes this supplement will be more
expensive. Recently, Whey Protein Hydrolysates have blown up the shelves, and
for relatively good reason. Whey Hydrolysates are already partially digested,
so they become available faster and don't leave you in a food coma. They're
also likely the most expensive. Many companies come out with Whey Protein
Blends which include a mixture of the aforementioned 3 protein supplements.
Read the ingredients in your protein supplement blends and if Isolate or
Hydrolysate is the first ingredient, the front labels aren't just talking a big
game, and you’ll be able to digest it easier. Also, if you know you're not
going to be able to get another meal in for a little bit, adding some fiber
with your protein will make you digest a little slower and help keep you sated
for longer.
I hope that helped answer a few questions you may have had
about protein! Come check out my presentation, Create Change, on Tuesday,
January 15th at 7:30 P.M. only at The Commonwealth Sports Club. Come find me at
the club, shoot me an email kcamelio@commonwealthsportsclub.com or follow me on
twitter, @KrisCamelio. It's always a pleasure talking exercise science, and
I'll see you next time!
Sources:
Baechle, Thomas R. and Earle, Roger W. Essentials of
Strength Training and Conditioning, Third Edition. Illinois: Human Kinetics,
2008.
Berardi, John. “Protein Debate.” John Berardi.Com. 26 April
2000. 2 Jan 2013. <http://www.johnberardi.com/articles/nutrition/protein_debate.htm?from=pn>
“Does Soy Act Like Estrogen in the Body?” Boston.com. 20
September 2010. 3 Jan 2013.
<http://www.boston.com/news/health/articles/2010/09/20/does_soy_act_like_estrogen_in_the_body/>
Kollias, Hellen. “Whey Too Much.” 4 December 2008. 3 Jan
2013. <http://www.precisionnutrition.com/rr-whey-too-much>
Poliquin, Charles. “The Poliquin Protein Primer.” Charles
Poliquin.Com. 11 March 2010. 3 Jan 2013.
<http://www.charlespoliquin.com/ArticlesMultimedia/Articles/Article/264/The_Poliquin_Protein_Primer.aspx>